Deep learning has become one of the most popular and efficient techniques for solving complex problems. Here are 7 deep learning techniques that you should know about. These techniques will help to improve your understanding of how deep learning works, and how you can use it to solve your own complex problems.
Convolutional Neural Networks
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a type of feed-forward artificial neural network that are mainly used to process data that has a known, grid-like topology. CNNs are similar to ordinary neural networks in that they are made up of neurons that have learnable weights and biases. However, CNNs also has a unique architecture that is specifically designed to take advantage of the 2D structure of images.
Recurrent Neural Networks
Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a type of artificial neural network where connections between nodes form a directed graph along a temporal sequence. This allows it to exhibit dynamic temporal behavior for time series or sequence prediction problems. RNNs can use their internal state (memory) to process sequences of inputs. This makes them well-suited for modeling problems where the input data has a temporal component, such as speech recognition or time series forecasting.
You can also read more about the importance of deep learning in this article.
Long Short-Term Memory Networks
Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are a type of recurrent neural network that is capable of learning long-term dependencies. LSTMs were proposed in 1997 by Hochreiter and Schmidhuber, and are a variation of RNNs. LSTMs are well-suited to classifying, processing, and making predictions based on time series data since they can remember previous information in long-term memory.
Restricted Boltzmann Machines
Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a type of energy-based model that learns a probability distribution over a set of hidden variables, given a set of visible variables. RBMs can be used to learn complex distributions over high-dimensional data and can be trained using various efficient algorithms.
Deep Belief Networks
Deep belief networks (DBNs) are a type of deep neural network that consists of multiple layers of latent variables, or hidden units, that are interconnected in a directed graphical model. DBNs are generative models, which means they can be used to generate new samples from a given input. DBNs have been shown to be effective for learning complex distributions over high-dimensional data and can be used.
Autoencoders
Autoencoders are a type of neural network that are used to learn efficient representations of data, called latent variables. In general, autoencoders are used to reduce the dimensionality of data, such as images or text. Autoencoders are similar to other types of neural networks, but they are specifically designed to output their input. This makes them useful for learning features from data with a high level of noise or redundancy.
There are many different types of autoencoders, including:
>> Denoising autoencoders: These autoencoders are trained on corrupted versions of the input data, in order to learn features that are robust to noise.
>> Sparse autoencoders: These autoencoders are trained to enforce a constraint on the hidden units, such that only a small number of them are active at any given time. This makes the learned features more interpretable.
>> Variational autoencoders: These autoencoders are trained using a variational approach, which allows them to generate new samples from the learned latent space.
Autoencoders can be used for various tasks, such as dimensionality reduction, feature learning, and image denoising.
Gated Recurrent Units
Gated recurrent units (GRUs) are a type of recurrent neural network that is similar to long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. GRUs was proposed in 2014 by Cho et al., and are designed to address the vanishing gradient problem that can occur when training LSTM networks. GRUs have two types of gates, an update gate and a reset gate, which control the flow of information into and out of the hidden state.
Bottom Line
There are many different types of neural networks, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The type of neural network that you use will depend on the problem that you are trying to solve. In general, more complex neural networks are better suited for more complex problems. If you are just getting started with neural networks, it is recommended that you start with a simple model such as logistic regression or a shallow feed-forward network. As you gain more experience, you can experiment with more complex models.
